40 Stephanie Colwell, EdD Teacher Skills The theme of Teacher Skills emerged from the current study under each participant group. Many of the parent codes from the current study are agreed upon by existing researchers as to their importance and are in alignment with what the current researcher found, such as Classroom Management and Discipline and Preparation. The literature review revealed if beginning teachers are to make ground in their first year, they must have support in tackling the challenges that they face during their first year. Table 1 summarizes researchers’ findings on their beliefs of the challenges teachers face that lead to them leaving a district or the profession. The current study had parent codes for Classroom Management and Discipline and Preparation. The existing researchers identified certification as a challenge. However, the current researcher coded certification as a child code under the parent code, Preparation. Pay as a beginning teacher challenge was never mentioned by any of the current researcher’s participant groups. The only time pay appeared as a response was from the principal participants related to a stipend for mentor teachers. Student Supports The literature review implied beginning teachers would encounter students from various populations and abilities and would need help to support and differentiate for them. Bonner et al. (2018) concluded from a survey in the 2017–2018 school year that only 65% of beginning teachers reported receiving any preservice instruction on students from diverse economic backgrounds, while 70% reported receiving instruction on serving students with specials needs, and 41% had education on nonnative English speakers. As beginning teachers, they are expected to walk into their classroom on Day 1 and be able to meet the needs of each student on their roster regardless of their ability. In the current study, only the beginning teachers and principals had responses that were able to be coded to the theme, Student Supports. District and Campus Supports The current study had parent codes aligned with every category identified in the literature review. Professional Development, Mentoring, Observations Instructional Coaching, and Principal Support all appeared under the theme, District and Campus Supports. Table 1 Challenges New Teachers Face Researchers Classroom management and discipline Support Preparation Pay Certification Breaux & Wong, 2003 X X X Darling-Hammond, 2000 X Duffett et al., 2004 X Greenberg et al., 2014 X Horn et al., 2021 X Jorissen, 2002 X X X X Mont & Rees, 1996 X X Poznanski et al., 2018 X X Raue & Gray, 2015 X Ronfeldt & McQueen, 2017 X Texas Education Agency, 2022 X X X X Watkins, 2011 X X Total 5 4 6 2 6 The current study had parent codes for Classroom Management and Discipline and Preparation. The existing researchers identified certification as a challenge. However, the current Table 1 Challenges New Teachers Face
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