17 NOTES 1 Jeffrey J. Arnett, Emerging Adulthood: The Winding Road From the Late Teens Through the Twenties (New York, NY: Oxford University Press, 2004), 9, 65. 2 Bryan J. Dik and Ryan D. Duffy, “Calling and Vocation at Work: Definitions and Prospects for Research and Practice,” The Counseling Psychologist 37, no. 3 (2009): 427. 3 Douglas T. Hall and Dawn E. Chandler, “Psychological Success: When the Career is a Calling,” Journal of Organizational Behavior 26, no. 2 (2005): 155-76. 4 Elizabeth M. Bott and Ryan D. Duffy, “A Two-Wave Longitudinal Study of Career Calling Among Undergraduates: Testing for Predictors,” Journal of Career Assessment 23, no. 2 (2005): 250-64. 5 Larry Braskamp, Lois Calian Trautvetter, and Kelly Ward, “Putting students first: Promoting lives of purpose and meaning,” About Campus 13, no. 1 (2008): 26-32; Arthur W. Chickering and Linda Reisser, Education and Identity, 2nd ed. (San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass, 1993), 160. 6 Tim Clydesdale, The Purposeful Graduate: Why Colleges Must Talk to Students About Vocation (Chicago, IL: The University of Chicago Press, 2015), 53-56. 7 Pew Research Center, Is College Worth it? (Washington, DC: Pew Research Center Social and Demographic Trends, 2011): 1, http://www. pewsocialtrends.org/2011/05/15/is-college-worth-it 8 Rachel Fishman, Sophie Nguyen, and Louisa Woodhouse, Varying Degrees: New American’s Sixth Annual Survey on Higher Education (Washington, DC: New America, 2022): 5, https://d1y8sb8igg2f8e.cloudfront.net/documents/ Varying_Degrees_2022_2022-07-25_FINAL.pdf 9 JD Solomon, “Reclaiming the higher calling of higher education,” University Business, September 15, 2015. https://universitybusiness.com/ reclaiming-the-higher-calling-of-higher-education/ (accessed December 29, 2022). 10 Clydesdale, 53-56. 11 Sharon Daloz Parks, Big Questions, Worthy Dreams: Mentoring Young Adults in Their Search for Meaning, Purpose, and Faith, 2nd ed. (San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass, 2011): 201. HIGHER EDUCATION LEADERSHIP, CHRISTIAN COLLEGES, AND STUDENT DEVELOPMENT OF CALLING
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