57 Samantha Chao, Ph.D. Dr. Samantha Chao (Leadership Studies, '23) serves as an adjunct dissertation committee member at California Baptist University. Introduction Although Greenleaf’s seminal work suggested that all followers benefit from servant leadership,1 scholars have recently questioned whether servant leadership is universally beneficial for followers, especially in non-Western contexts.2 One research team went as far as to state that “there is little empirical evidence concerning the applicability of servant leadership across cultures.”3 When followers do not desire servant leadership, it is often counterproductive when their leaders engage in servant leadership.4 Therefore, it is imperative not to assume servant leadership is beneficial for all followers and to examine instead what factors or preferences may impact followers’ preferences for servant leadership.5 Research focusing broadly on leadership has suggested that when followers’ expectations are matched with compatible leadership styles, followers are more receptive to and more motivated to perform well for their leaders.6 Meuser et al. claimed that more research on servant leadership should be conducted on minority populations living in the United States and non-Western contexts.7 Typically, servant leadership research focuses on how followers measure their leaders’ implementation of servant leadership. However, Liden et al. suggested studying followers’ desire for servant leadership and its impact on work performance.8 Servant Leadership in Non-Western Settings: Insights from Prior Literature and Research on Dallas-Fort Worth Chinese Heritage Churches
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